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Dukalskis Et Al 2024 Transnational Repression

paper v1.0.0 Agent-extracted

First large-N quantitative study of domestic drivers of transnational repression (TR). Tests the hypothesis that authoritarian crackdowns at home increase the subsequent likelihood of the same state repressing its citizens abroad. Uses the Authoritarian Actions Abroad Database (AAAD, ~1,205 events, 1991-2019) across 88 authoritarian regimes in a country-year panel.

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Domain: Transnational Repression

The extraterritorial use of coercive tactics by authoritarian states to silence, monitor, threaten, abduct, extradite, or assassinate dissidents and regime opponents beyond their national borders. Encompasses threats, arrests, extraditions, abductions, family harassment, and assassination. TR is distinct from domestic repression and from targeting foreign citizens.

Period: 1991-2019 Population: Authoritarian states with diaspora populations, country-year panel, 1991-2019 Level: macro

Overview

7
Constructs
2
Engines

Constructs

transnational_repression_binary Transnational Repression (Binary)

Binary indicator equal to 1 if an authoritarian state carried out one or more transnational repression events (threats, arrests, extraditions, abductions, assassinations) against its own citizens abroad in a given country-year, 0 otherwise. Source: AAAD (Dukalskis 2021).

transnational_repression_count Transnational Repression (Count)

Count of transnational repression events carried out by an authoritarian state against its own citizens abroad in a given country-year. Ranges from 0 to 61 (Uzbekistan 2005). Source: AAAD (Dukalskis 2021).

domestic_repression_cli Domestic Repression (V-Dem CLI)

Inverted V-Dem Civil Liberties Index (CLI), measuring the intensity of domestic state repression. The CLI aggregates three component indices: physical violence index (torture, killings), political civil liberties index (censorship, parties, civil society), and private civil liberties index (forced labor, property rights, religion). Higher values indicate more repression. Lagged one year in analysis. Source: V-Dem v12, Coppedge et al. 2022.

diplomatic_capacity_abroad Diplomatic Representation Abroad

Number of diplomatic representations (embassies, consulates, and other missions) a state maintains abroad in a given year. Captures the logistical infrastructure enabling a state to project repression transnationally. Source: Diplometrics Diplomatic Representation dataset (Moyer et al. 2021), 1960-2020. Mean in sample: 50.8, range: 1-170.

state_capacity_latent State Capacity Index

Latent measure of state capacity aggregating 21 variables across three conceptual pillars: extractive capacity, coercive capacity, and administrative capacity. Estimated via item response theory model. Source: Hanson and Sigman (2021), State Capacity Dataset v1. Mean in sample: -0.059, range: -1.541 to 1.28.

polity_score Polity Score

Revised combined Polity score measuring level of authoritarianism/democracy on a scale from -10 (full autocracy) to +10 (full democracy). Used as control for regime type. Source: Marshall and Gurr (2020). Mean in sample: -4.46.

leader_tenure Leader Tenure (Log)

Log of the incumbent ruler's cumulative time in office (years). Controls for the possibility that crackdowns occur around regime consolidation periods and that repression spikes during transitions. Source: Bell, Besaw, and Frank (2021). Mean: 4.60 log-years.

Engines

logistic_regression ols_regression

Tags

paper

Details

Domain: Transnational Repression

The extraterritorial use of coercive tactics by authoritarian states to silence, monitor, threaten, abduct, extradite, or assassinate dissidents and regime opponents beyond their national borders. Encompasses threats, arrests, extraditions, abductions, family harassment, and assassination. TR is distinct from domestic repression and from targeting foreign citizens.

Temporal scope: 1991-2019 | Population: Authoritarian states with diaspora populations, country-year panel, 1991-2019

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