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Infectious Disease Epidemiology

topic v1.0.0 2026-04-05 Agent-extracted

Determinants of infectious disease burden including vaccination coverage, healthcare capacity, antibiotic resistance, and cross-border transmission dynamics across countries worldwide.

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Domain: Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Determinants of infectious disease burden including vaccination coverage, healthcare capacity, and cross-border transmission dynamics

Period: 2000-present Population: Countries worldwide Level: macro

Overview

6
Constructs
5
Findings
4
Engines

Constructs

disease_incidence_rate Disease Incidence Rate

Number of new cases of a specified infectious disease per 100,000 population per year

vaccination_coverage_rate Vaccination Coverage Rate

Percentage of target population that has received recommended vaccine doses

healthcare_workforce_density Healthcare Workforce Density

Number of physicians, nurses, and midwives per 10,000 population

infectious_disease_mortality Infectious Disease Mortality

Deaths attributable to communicable diseases per 100,000 population per year

outbreak_detection_capacity Outbreak Detection Capacity

Country-level score for disease surveillance and early warning system capacity based on IHR core capacities

antibiotic_resistance_prevalence Antibiotic Resistance Prevalence

Proportion of bacterial isolates showing resistance to first-line antibiotics in clinical settings

Findings

Each 10 percentage point increase in DTP3 vaccination coverage is associated with a 5-7% reduction in under-5 mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases

Direction: negative Confidence: strong Method: ols_regression

Healthcare workforce density is negatively associated with infectious disease mortality across 204 countries after controlling for income and urbanization

Direction: negative Confidence: strong Method: poisson_regression

Countries scoring above 60 on IHR core capacity index experienced significantly shorter epidemic durations compared to countries scoring below 40

Direction: negative Confidence: moderate Method: logistic_regression

Antibiotic resistance prevalence is positively associated with treatment failure rates and excess mortality from bacterial infections, with an estimated 700,000 annual deaths attributable to AMR globally

Direction: positive Confidence: strong Method: ols_regression

Vaccination coverage rate is the single strongest modifiable predictor of communicable disease burden in low-income countries

Direction: negative Confidence: strong Method: correlation_matrix

Engines

ols_regression logistic_regression correlation_matrix poisson_regression

Sources

GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators (2020). Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019 DOI
Ozawa S, Clark S, Portnoy A, et al. (2016). Return on investment from childhood immunization in low- and middle-income countries DOI
World Health Organization (2023). WHO International Health Regulations State Party Self-Assessment Annual Report 2023
O'Neill J (2016). Tackling Drug-Resistant Infections Globally: Final Report and Recommendations

Tags

topicinfectious-disease-epi

Details

Domain: Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Determinants of infectious disease burden including vaccination coverage, healthcare capacity, and cross-border transmission dynamics

Temporal scope: 2000-present | Population: Countries worldwide

Key Findings

  • Each 10 percentage point increase in DTP3 vaccination coverage is associated with a 5-7% reduction in under-5 mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases (negative, strong)
  • Healthcare workforce density is negatively associated with infectious disease mortality across 204 countries after controlling for income and urbanization (negative, strong)
  • Countries scoring above 60 on IHR core capacity index experienced significantly shorter epidemic durations compared to countries scoring below 40 (negative, moderate)
  • Antibiotic resistance prevalence is positively associated with treatment failure rates and excess mortality from bacterial infections, with an estimated 700,000 annual deaths attributable to AMR globally (positive, strong)
  • Vaccination coverage rate is the single strongest modifiable predictor of communicable disease burden in low-income countries (negative, strong)

Installation

Install this PAX into your Praxis instance:

praxis_import_pax("infectious-disease-epidemiology.pax.tar.gz", install=True)